WIND INSTRUMENTS

Puhačka glazbala

DIPLICA

Diplica je prastaro, jednostavno glazbalo koje je u raznim varijantama bilo sviralo u mnogim hrvatskim krajevima, a do danas se zadržalo još jedino u Slavoniji i Baranji. Diplica je najčešće izrađena od trstike (premda može biti izrađena i od bazge, slame, pa i guščjeg pera), a sastoji se od prebiraljke na kojoj se nalazi nekoliko (najčešće pet) rupica za prebiranje i piska s jednostrukim udarnim jezičkom također izrađenim od trstike. Diplica je preteča gajdi, duda, te raznih vrsta mihova i dipli, i premda je vrlo jednostavna, začuđuje bogatstvom i ljepotom zvuka koji proizvodi.

DIPLICA

Diplica is an ancient, simple musical instrument that was played in various variants in many Croatian regions, and has survived to this day only in Slavonia and Baranja. Diplica is most often made of reed (although it can also be made of elderberry, straw, and even goose feathers), and consists of a chanter on which there are several (most often five) holes for playing and a reed with a single impact tongue also made of reed . The diplica is the forerunner of many types of bagpipes. Although it is very simple, it amazes with the richness and beauty of the sound it produces.

SVIROKE

”Sviroka” ili ”sviroke” su male svirale (diplice) izrađene od stabljike žita ili raži. Izrađene su u jednom komadu stabljike, na sebi imaju pisak s jednostrukim jezičkom zarezan prema gore i dvije do tri rupice za prebiranje. ”Sviroke” se najčešće sviraju u paru (jedan svirač svira dvije sviroke istovremeno), a svirane su na otocima Olibu i Silbi te davno prije i na nekim drugim otocima.

Na sviroke su uglavnom svirale žene kada bi išle u polje žeti žito ili raž. To je ostatak vrlo starih i važnih žetvenih obreda.

Ono što razlikuje sviroke od ostalih sličnih glazbala je pisak koji je zarezan prema gore, što je vrlo stari način izrade ovakvih glazbala.

 

SVIROKE

“Sviroka” or “sviroke” are small pipes made from stalks of wheat or rye. They are made in one piece of stem, have a reed with a single tongue notched upwards and two to three holes for playing. “Sviroke” are most often played in pairs (one player plays two ”sviroke” at the same time), and they were played on the islands of Oliba and Silba and long ago on some other islands as well.

The ”sviroke” were mostly played by women when they went to the field to harvest grain or rye. It is a remnant of very old and important harvest rituals.

What distinguishes svirokas from other similar instruments is the reed, which is notched upwards, which is a very old way of making such instruments.

GUNGE

Gunge su dvije svirale izrađene od trstike povezane zajedno navoštanim koncem, a na donjem kraju je najčešće pričvršćen rog. Imaju dva piska s jednostrukim jezičkom također napravljenim od trstike. Gunge na obje svirale imaju isti broj rupica za prebiranje, najčešće pet do čest redova po dvije rupice.

Gunge su potpuno nestale iz naše tradicije i postoje samo podaci da su gunge nekada izrađivane i svirane na otoku Pagu (posebno u okolici grada Paga) te u nekim dijelovima Dalmacije (ne navodi se u kojima), a pošto su gotovo indentična glazbala poznata i u Crnoj Gori nije teško pretpostaviti da su gunge nekad bile raširene po mnogim dijelovima Dalmacije. Danas o tome nema ni najmanjeg traga.

GUNGE

”Gunge” are two pipes made of reeds connected together with a waxed thread, and a horn is usually attached to the lower end. They have two reeds with a single tongue also made of reed. ”Gunge” on both instruments have the same number of holes for picking, usually five to often rows of two holes.

”Gunge” have completely disappeared from our tradition and there is only information that ”gunge” were once made and played on the island of Pag (especially in the vicinity of the town of Pag) and in some parts of Dalmatia (it is not specified in which), and since almost identical musical instruments are also known in Montenegro, it is not difficult to assume that the “gunge” was once widespread in many parts of Dalmatia. Today there is not the slightest trace of it.

ŠURLE

Šurle su tipično istarsko glazbalo. Sastoje se od dvije odvojene svirale koje su na gornjem dijelu spojene u bačvicu ili grljak. Svi dijelovi su napravljeni od drveta. Na obje svirale se nalaze piskovi s jednostrukim jezičkom napravljeni od trstike.

Osim naziva ”šurle” ili ”surle”, u nekim dijelovima Istre se upotrebljavaju i nazivi ”tuture” ili ”tutule” te ”male roženice”. Naziv “šurla”, po korijenu  riječi je perzijskog porijekla, a znači “svatovska svirala”.

Svirka na ”šurlama” je najčešće dvoglasna, u tercama. Melodija može teći neprekinuto sve dok svirač ima daha, a može se i prekidati izgovaranjem slova ”T” u usnoj šupljini što je možda i jedan od razloga da se ponegdje šurle nazivaju i “tuture” ili “tutule”.

 

SHURLE

The ”šurle” is a typical Istrian musical instrument. They consist of two separate flutes that are connected in the upper part into a barrel or neck. All parts are made of wood. Both pipes have single-blade reeds made from reed.

In addition to the names “šurle” or “surle”, in some parts of Istria the names “tuture” or “tutule” and “small roženica” are also used. The name “šurla” is of Persian origin and means “wedding pipe”.

Playing on the “šurle” is usually two-part, in thirds. The melody can flow continuously as long as the player has breath, and it can also be interrupted by pronouncing the letter “T” in the oral cavity, which is perhaps one of the reasons why the ”šurle” is also called “tuture” or “tutule” in some places.

DIPLE BEZ MJEŠINE

”Diple” ili ”diple bez mješine” se sastoje od dva dijela, jedan je dvostruka svirala (prebiraljka) napravljena u jednom komadu drveta s piscima od trstike ili bazge (dva piska s jednostrukim jezičkom), a drugi dio je ”didak”, ”kutao”, ”oglavina” ili ”bačvica” također izrađena od drveta. Na tu ”oglavinu” se nasađuje prebiraljka te ona olakšava sviranje i ujedno štiti piskove od oštećenja. I ”oglavina” i prebiraljka su najčešće lijepo izrezbarene i ukrašene. ”Oglavina” je redovito izrezbarena u obliku ljudskog lica.

”Diple” su svirane po gotovo čitavoj Dalmaciji, posebno u Dalmatinskoj Zagori te po nekim otocima (Hvar). U ”diple” se sviralo i u okolici Dubrovnika te u dijelovima Bosne i Hercegovine.

”Diple bez mješine” se sviraju tehnikom cirkularnog disanja u narodu zvanom ”predušivanje”. Tom tehnikom svirač ne prekida svirku da bi uzeo dah već udiše i izdiše zrak svirajući bez prekida. 

DIPLE WITHOUT BAG

“Diple” or “diple without bag” consists of two parts, one is a double chanter made in one piece of wood with reed or elder reeds (two reeds with a single tongue), and the other part is ‘ “didak”, “kutao”, “oglavina” or “bačvica” also made of wood. A chanter is placed on this “oglavina” and it facilitates playing and at the same time protects the pipes from damage. Both the “oglavina” and the chanter are usually beautifully carved and decorated. The “oglavina” is regularly carved in the shape of a human face.

“Diple” was played almost all over Dalmatia, especially in Dalmatian Zagora and on some islands (Hvar). The “diple” was also played in the vicinity of Dubrovnik and in parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

“Diple bez mešine” is played using a circular breathing technique popularly called “predušivanje”. With this technique, the player does not stop playing to take a breath, but inhales and exhales air while playing without interruption.

 

DUPLA MIŠNJICA

Dupla mišnjica se sastoji od dva dijela izrađena od drveta. Prvi je grljak ili kutao, bačvasti dio, a drugi je dvostruka svirala ili prebiralica. Na prebiralici, na gornjoj strani koja je usađena u grljak se nalaze dva piska s jednostrukim udarnim jezičkom od trstike. Na desnoj strani prebiralice se nalaze četiri rupe za prebiranje, a na lijevoj strani tri. Na desnoj svirali se, kao i na šurlama nalazi jedna rupica iza, a koja se poklapa palcem.

Ovo vrlo interesantno glazbalo se sviralo u Istri, najviše u području Labinštine, gotovo je nestalo, a ostalo je sačuvano zahvaljujući pojedincima i entuzijastima iz Kršana i okolice.

Posebna karakteristika duple mišnjice je tzv. križno štimanje. To znači da rupice u istom redu lijevo i desno nisu naštimane unisono (kao npr. kod šurli) već je razlika u tonovima otprilike terca.

 

DOUBLE ”MIŠNJICA”

The ”dupla mišnjica” consists of two parts made of wood. The first is ”grljak” or barrel-shaped, and second is double chanter. On the chanter, on the upper side, which is embedded in the ”grljak”, there are two single-blade reeds. There are four holes for playing on the right side of the chanter, and three on the left side. On the right side, as well as on the ”šurle”, there is a hole behind, which matches the thumb.

This very interesting musical instrument was played in Istria, mostly in the area of ​​Labinština, it almost disappeared, and the rest has been preserved thanks to individuals and enthusiasts from Kršan and its surroundings.

A special characteristic of double ”mišnjica” is the so-called cross tuning. This means that the holes in the same row on the left and right are not tuned in unison (as, for example, with ”šurle”), but the difference in tones is approximately a third.

TRSTENICE

Trstenice ili orglice su staro tradicijsko glazbalo, tipa panovih svirala. Izrađivane su u Hrvatskom Zagorju, Bilogori i Podravini, najčešće kao dječja i pastirska glazbala. Trstenice su izrađivane od komadića trstike različite dužine, a specifičnost i neobičnost hrvatskih trstenica je u tome što su najduži komadi trstike stavljani u sredinu, a najkraći na oba kraja. Po tome se trstenice razlikuju od ostalih tipova panovih svirala. Jedna od prednosti ovakvog načina izrade je mogućnost sviranja više različitih tonaliteta na jednom glazbalu što je rijetkost u folklornoj tradiciji.  

PAN FLUTE

“Trstenice” or ”orglice” is an old traditional musical instrument, of the type of pan flutes. They were made in Hrvatsko  Zagorje, Bilogora and Podravina, most often as children’s and shepherd’s instruments. Reeds are made from pieces of reed of different lengths, and the specificity and unusualness of Croatian pan flutes is that the longest pieces of reed are placed in the middle, and the shortest at both ends. This distinguishes ”trstenice” from other types of pan flutes.. One of the advantages of this way of making is the possibility of playing several different tonalities on one instrument, which is rare in the folklore tradition.

 

JEDINKA

Jedinka je jednocijevna svirala, izrađena od drveta. Jedinka najčešće ima šest rupa za prebiranje te pisak, koji se nalazi s vanjske strane, tj. okrenut je prema gore, za razliku od sličnih glazbala u tradiciji drugih naroda kod kojih je pisak redovito s unutarnje strane, okrenut prema sviraču.

Jedinke su raširene u gotovo svim krajevima Hrvatske, mogu biti raznih veličina, oblika i ukrasa. Najčešće su okruglog ili četvrtastog oblika. Čak su i nazivi u pojedinim krajevima različiti (jedinka, jednogrla, ćuruminka, sopelica, jednojnica, žveglica, svrdonica, itd.). Naziv ”frula” se za ovakve svirale u našoj tradiciji nikada nije koristio i u širu upotrebu je ušao tek u 20. stoljeću. Jedinka je solističko glazbalo vrlo nježnog i elegičnog zvuka.

 

SINGLE FLUTE

The single flute is a single-barreled flute, made of wood. Usually has six holes for playing and the mouthpiece, which is on the outside, i.e. it faces upwards, unlike similar musical instruments in the tradition of other nations where the mouthpiece is usually on the inside, facing the player.

The single flute are widespread in almost all parts of Croatia, they can be of various sizes, shapes and decorations. Most often, they are round or square in shape. Even the names are different in certain regions (jedinka, jednogrla, ćuruminka, sopelica, jednojnica, žveglica, svrdonica, etc.). The name “frula” was never used for such instruments in our tradition and it came into wider use only in the 20th century. The sigle flute is a solo instrument with a very gentle and elegiac sound.

DVOJNICE

Dvojnice su, ustvari, dvije svirale, dvije jedinke napravljene od jednog komada drveta, tako da se obje mogu svirati istovremeno, zbog čega je svirka na dvojnicama uvijek dvoglasna (najčešće u tercama, premda su moguće i druge kombinacije odnosa među tonovima). Kao i većina tradicijskih glazbala, i dvojnice su ograničene rasponom tonova koje možemo odsvirati. Maksimalno možemo odsvirati do šest tonova pojedine oktave. Ponekad je prepuhivanjem moguće pojedine tonove odsvirati u nekoliko oktava, ali intonacija najčešće nije čista. Interesantan je način sviranja kada se, ovisno o nagibu dvojnica prema usnama svirača, može postići da jedna strana dvojnice svira u normalnoj, a druga u višoj oktavi.

Dvojnice su u raznim varijantama prisutne u skoro svim krajevima Hrvatske. Stariji tipovi dvojnica su najčešće netemperirana glazbala s istom širinom rupica za prebiranje i istim razmakom između njih. Na takvim dvojnicama se najčešće izvode improvizacije. Noviji tip dvojnica najčešće ima durski raspored između tonova i temperirane su te se na njima lakše izvode tradicijske pjesme i melodije.

Ovisno o kraju Hrvatske i izrađivaču, dvojnice mogu biti različitih dužina, izgleda i ukrasa.

DOUBLE FLUTE

The double flute are, in fact, two pipes made from one piece of wood, so that both can be played simultaneously, which is why the playing of double flute is always two-part (most often in thirds, although other combinations of relationships between tones are also possible). Like most traditional instruments, double flute are limited by the range of tones we can play. We can play a maximum of six tones of a single octave. Sometimes, by blowing, it is possible to play certain tones in several octaves, but the intonation is usually not clear. It is an interesting way of playing when, depending on the inclination of the doppelgangers towards the player’s lips, it is possible to achieve that one side of the double flute plays in a normal and the other in a higher octave.

The double flute are present in various variants in almost all parts of Croatia. Older types of double flute are usually untempered musical instruments with the same width of playing holes and the same distance between them. Improvisations are most often performed on such double flutes. The newer type of double flute usually have a major arrangement between the tones and are tempered, making it easier to perform traditional songs and melodies on them.

Depending on the region of Croatia and the maker, double flutes can be of different lengths, looks and decorations.

 

SLUŠKINJA

”Sluškinja” ili ”sloškinja” je zanimljivo glazbalo koje je nekada izrađivano u Hrvatskom Zagorju. To su, ustvari, dvojnice, ali se od klasičnih dvojnica razlikuju po tome što na jednoj strani svirale imaju šest rupica za prebiranje, a na drugoj nema ni jedne. Na toj strani se izvodi samo jedan, osnovni ton svirale.

Na ”sluškinju” se može svirati na dva načina. Jedan je da se sviraju obje svirale istovremeno, a drugi je da se svira samo na melodijsku sviralu (kao npr. jedinku), a onda se u zgodnom trenutku u melodiji dodaje taj drugi, osnovni ton svirale.

 

MAIDE FLUTE

“Sluškinja” or “sloškinja” (maide flute) is an interesting musical instrument that was once made in Hrvatsko Zagorje (part of Croatia). These are, in fact, double flutes, but they differ from classic double flutes in that on one side of the flute they have six holes for picking, and on the other there is none. On that side, only one, basic tone of the flute is performed.

The “maid” can be played in two ways. One is to play both sides of instrument at the same time, and the other is to play only the melodic side (such as the single flute), and then at the right moment in the melody, that second, basic tone of the instrument is added.

TROJKA

”Trojka” ili ”trojnice” su tri svirale napravljene u jednom komadu drveta. Svirane su i izrađivane u Hrvatskom Zagorju, najviše u okolici Laza, Marije Bistrice i Stubice.

Najčešće su svirane kao dvojnice s time da bi se u zgodnom trenutku u melodiji dodao taj treči, osnovni ton. Ovisno o melodiji taj treči ton može služiti i kao ritam.

TRIPLE FLUTE

“Trojka” or “trojnice” (triple flute) are three pipes made in one piece of wood. They were played and produced in Hrvatsko Zagorje (part of Croatia), mostly in the vicinity of Laz, Marija Bistrica and Stubica.

They are most often played as doubles, with that third, basic tone being added at the appropriate moment in the melody. Depending on the melody, that third tone can also serve as a rhythm.

ČETVORKA

”Četvorka” su četiri svirale napravljene u jednom komadu drveta. Svirane su i izrađivane u Hrvatskom Zagorju, najviše u okolici Laza, Marije Bistrice i Stubice.

Nemoguće je svirati sve četiri svirale istovremeno, ali se mogu svirati razne kombinacije između svirala tako da u tom jednom glazbalu možete imati jedinku, dvojnice, sluškinju i trojku.

Česti su primjerci da su po dvije svirale napravljene na suprotnim stranama. U tom slučaju možete imati najviše tri kombinacije svirala, jedinku, sluškinju i dvojnice.

 

QuadruPLE FLUTE

The “četvorka” (quadruple flute) is four flutes made in one piece of wood. They were played and produced in Hrvatsko Zagorje, mostly in the vicinity of Laz, Marija Bistrica and Stubica.

It is impossible to play all four instruments at the same time, but various combinations between the instruments can be played so that in that one instrument you can have single flute, double flute, maid and triple flute.

Two flutes are often made on opposite sides. In this case, you can have a maximum of three combinations of pipes, a single, a maid and a double.

STRANČICA

”Strančica” ili ”fajfa” je staro tradicijsko glazbalo koje je nekada obilježavalo sjeverozapad Hrvatske (Hrvatsko Zagorje, Podravina i Bilogora). Sam naziv govori o specifičnom načinu sviranja, na stranu, kao flauta. Strančica i jest preteča današnjih flauta. Strančica je izrađivana od drveta, najčešće od bazge. Na sebi, osim glasnice (rupe na koju se puše), ima šest (ili sedam) rupa za prebiranje. Ponekad su strančice ukrašavane kositrom. Premda je flauta savršenija, strančica je puno zanimljivija zbog toplog i nježnog zvuka, koji proizlazi iz živog, toplog drveta, a ne iz hladnog metala.

 

ASIDE FLUTE

The ”strančica” or ”fajfa” is an old traditional musical instrument that used to mark the northwest of Croatia (Hrvatsko Zagorje, Podravina and Bilogora). The name itself speaks of a specific way of playing, aside, like a flute. ”Strančica” is the forerunner of today’s flutes. The ”strančica” is made of wood, most often of elder. It has six (or seven) holes for picking. Sometimes the ”strančica” are decorated with tin. Although the modern flute is more perfect, the ”strančica” is much more interesting because of its warm and gentle sound, which comes from live, warm wood, not cold metal.

OKARINA

Okarine nisu izvorna hrvatska glazbala. Došle su na naše prostore negdje u 19. i početkom 20. stoljeća, ali su se udomaćile i postale dio naše glazbene tradicije. Postoje podaci da su okarine izrađivane i svirane u Hrvatskom Zagorju, Podravini, Međimurju, pa i nekim dijelovima Slavonije. Okarine mogu biti raznih veličina i ukrasa, izrađuju se iz gline, a mogu se izraditi i iz drveta. Okarine iz Hrvatskog Zagorja su, osim klasičnog oblika, bile izrađivane i u obliku ptice, ribe ili bajsa.

OCARINA

Ocarinas are not original Croatian musical instruments. They came to our area somewhere in the 19th and early 20th centuries, but they settled down and became part of our musical tradition. There is information that ocarinas were made and played in Croatian Zagorje, Podravina, Međimurje, and even in some parts of Slavonia. Ocarinas can be of various sizes and decorations, they are made of clay, and they can also be made of wood. Apart from the classic shape, ocarinas from Hrvatsko Zagorje were also made in the shape of a bird, fish or ”bajs”.

SOPILE

Sopile su staro tradicijsko glazbalo slično današnjoj oboi, a koje je do danas sačuvano na području Kvarnera, Kastavštine, Vinodola te na otoku Krku.

Karakteristika sopila je dvostruki udarni jezičak, izrađen iz trstike, i konusna, čunjasta svirala, izrađena iz drveta. Dijelovi sopile su: pisak, špulet, prebiralica i krilo. Postoje vela i mala sopila, ili debela i tanka. Sopile uvijek sviraju u paru.

Sopci su uvijek bili cijenjeni i često su dugo bili pamćeni parovi sopaca koji su se istakli svojom virtuoznošću i specifičnošću sviranja.

 

SOPILE

”Sopile” are an old traditional musical instrument similar to today’s oboe, which has been preserved to this day in the area of ​​Kvarner, Kastavština, Vinodol and on the island of Krk.

The characteristic feature of the sopil is a double reed, made of reed, and a conical, cone-shaped pipe, made of wood. There are big and small ”sopila”, or thick and thin. Sopils always play in pairs.

”Sopci” (sopilas players) have always been appreciated and pairs of players who stood out for their virtuosity and specific playing were often remembered for a long time.

ROŽENICE

Roženice (sopile, sopele) su staro tradicijsko glazbalo koje je do danas sačuvano na području Istre. Karakteristika roženica je dvostruki udarni jezičak, izrađen iz trstike, i konusna, čunjasta svirala, sastavljena od nekoliko komada izrađenih iz drveta. Roženice su glazbalo vrlo prodornog zvuka i uvijek ih sviramo u paru (velika i mala). Premda su roženice, na prvi pogled, vrlo slične sopilama s otoka Krka, ipak postoje razlike između ta dva glazbala. Razlikuju se po vanjskim detaljima izrade, piskovima, tehnici sviranja te karakteristici zvuka. Zvuk sopila je malo čvršći, robusniji, dok je zvuk roženica za nijansu nježniji.

Uz roženice se vrlo često pjeva, a interesantne su kombinacije istovremenog sviranja roženice i šurli ili roženice i miha.

Roženice su glazbalo koje je, uz mih i šurle, i dan danas vrlo “živo” u folkloru Istre.  

ROŽENICE

”Roženice” (sopile, sopele) are an old traditional musical instrument that has been preserved in the territory of Istria to this day. The characteristic of ”roženice” is a double reed, made of reed, and a conical, cone-shaped flute, composed of several pieces made of wood. ”Roženice” are musical instruments with a very piercing sound and we always play them in pairs (large and small roženice). Although the ”roženice” are, at first glance, very similar to the ”sopile” from the island of Krk, there are still differences between the two instruments. They differ in external manufacturing details, reeds, playing technique and sound characteristics. The sound of the ”sopile” is a little harder, more robust, while the sound of the ”roženice” is a shade softer.

It is very often sung along with ”roženice, and combinations of simultaneous playing of ”roženice” and others istian traditional instruments are interesting.

”Roženice” is a musical instrument that, along with the ”mih” and ”šurle”, is still very alive in the folklore of Istria.

 

BANIJSKE SVIRALE (CIGANJSKE)

Banijske svirale ili ciganjske su glazbala s dvostrukim udarnim jezičkom (kao sopile i roženice). Nekada su svirane na području Banovine. Sviraju se u paru i obje svirale su identične, ali je na jednoj (pratečoj) svirali nekoliko gornjih redova rupica zatvoreno (najčešće voskom). Tako se dobije dvoglasnost u sviranju.

Ciganjske se najčešće sviraju uz pratnju vodenog bubnja, još jednog vrlo specifičnog tradicijskog glazbala. Za izvođenje na sceni se u današnje vrijeme najčešće koristi običan bubanj.

FLUTES FROM BANOVINA

Flutes from Banovina or gypsy flutes are musical instruments with a double reed (like ”sopile” and ”roženice”). They used to be played in the area of ​​Banovina (part of Croatia). They are played in pairs and both instrument are identical, but on one (the accompanying one) they played several upper rows of holes closed (most often with wax). That’s how you get polyphony in playing.

Gypsy flutes are most often played accompanied by a water drum, another very specific traditional musical instrument. Nowadays, a regular drum is most often used for performing on stage.

ROGOVI

Rogovi su nekada bili upotrebljavani u različite svrhe. Najčešće se u njih sviralo u vrijeme poklada, Jurjeva i sličnih narodnih običaja. U starija vremena su služili za signalizaciju i dozivanje, a puno rjeđe kao konkretni glazbeni instrumenti.

Postoje razne vrste i veličine rogova, ovisno o materijalu i svrsi. Mogu biti pravi, životinjski rogovi (kozji, kravlji, volovski), od tikve, kore drveta ili od samog drveta.

Ponekad se na takve rogove dodavao pisak s jednostrukim ili dvostrukim udarnim jezičkom ili pisak kao na trubi. Ako bi se na takvom rogu izbušilo i par rupica za prebiranje onda je to bilo glazbalo za sviranje jednostavnijih melodija.

U starija vremena su se u nekim dijelovima Hrvatske svirali rogovi od drveta dugi i do 3 metra, ali ta tradicija je s vremenom nestala.

HORNS

Horns were once used for different purposes. They were most often played at the time of Carnival, George’s Day and similar folk customs. In ancient times, they were used for signaling and calling, and much less often as specific musical instruments.

There are various types and sizes of horns, depending on the material and purpose. They can be real, animal horns (goat, cow, ox), made of gourd, tree bark or wood itself.

Sometimes such horns were added with a whistle with a single or double striking tongue or a trumpet-like whistle. If a couple of holes were drilled on such a horn for picking, then it was a musical instrument for playing simpler melodies.

In ancient times, wooden horns up to 3 meters long were played in some parts of Croatia, but this tradition disappeared over time.

 

 
INFORMACIJE 

Ovo su samo najosnovnije informacije o pojedinim glazbalima. Za sve detaljnije informacije slobodno nam se obratite.

KONTAKT:

Stjepan Večković

CENTAR ZA TRADICIJSKA GLAZBALA HRVATSKE

CENTRE OF CROATIAN TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Email:  gajde.hr@gmail.com

Mob:  +385 98 275 211

 

 
INFORMATION 

This is only the most basic information about individual musical instruments. Feel free to contact us for more detailed information.